Blood Flow Restriction

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) is a relatively new technique that physical therapists use to help speed up recovery for certain diagnoses and increase strength and muscle coordination. The technique involves using a blood pressure cuff on the extremity or limb where there is pain to decrease venous blood flow. This creates a hypoxic environment that increases growth hormones, muscle hypertrophy, and muscle strength.

The goal of BFR is to stimulate a response by the musculoskeletal system to rebuild the muscle to later withstand stronger forces. This technique is used for a range of diagnoses such as knee arthritis, runner’s knee, calf strains, Achilles tendonitis and repairs, biceps tendinopathy, and pain related to muscle weakness. The protocol to use BFR is matched to the individual and their respective diagnosis, and can involve a progression from non-weight bearing to weight bearing exercises, gradually increasing weight, and shorter rest periods.

For runners specifically, BFR training has been shown to increase endurance performance by improving the oxidative capacity of the muscles and increasing the recruitment of slow-twitch muscle fibers. Additionally, BFR training can accelerate recovery following intense training or competition by reducing muscle damage and inflammation. BFR can also be used for preventative care and strength training to continue to promote muscle growth and performance.

Overall, the use of BFR training can be a valuable addition to a runner's training program, particularly during periods of high-intensity training or when recovering from injury. However, it is important to note that BFR training should be performed under the guidance of a qualified professional to ensure proper technique and safety.